This article explains how laminated glass affects visible light transmission (VLT), what factors influence its performance, and how to optimize it
Modern architecture emphasizes open space, transparency, and natural light. Glass is central to achieving this vision—but not all glass behaves the same. When it comes to safety and design, laminated glass has become a go-to material. But how does it affect light transmission? Does it reduce clarity? Can it still provide a bright, open environment?
This article explains how laminated glass affects visible light transmission (VLT), what factors influence its performance, and how to optimize it for both residential and commercial applications.
What Is Laminated Glass?
Laminated glass is a type of safety glass created by bonding two or more layers of glass with an interlayer, typically made from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), or ionoplast (SGP). The interlayer holds the glass together if broken, preventing shards from scattering and reducing the risk of injury.
Because of its safety profile, glass laminated panels are used widely in:
- High-rise buildings
- Public spaces
- Hospitals and schools
- Homes requiring soundproofing or UV protection
Besides safety, laminated glass is also widely praised for its versatility in architecture and design.
What Is Light Transmission in Glass?
Light transmission, often measured as Visible Light Transmission (VLT), refers to the percentage of visible light that passes through a glazing material. Clear, untreated glass typically transmits 85% to 90% of visible light. When glass is modified—by adding interlayers, tints, or coatings—the VLT changes.
Laminated glass can have a slightly reduced VLT compared to standard float or tempered glass due to the interlayer, but the effect is often minimal depending on the configuration.
How Laminated Glass Affects Light Transmission
1. Interlayer Type and Thickness
The primary factor that affects light transmission in laminated glass is the interlayer material and thickness. Standard clear PVB interlayers have high light transmission (typically over 85%), while colored or printed interlayers reduce it.
- Clear PVB: High VLT (85–88%)
- Tinted PVB: Medium VLT (40–70%)
- Printed/Fabric/Decorative interlayers: Low VLT (10–50% depending on opacity)
Laminated glass with acoustic or solar-control interlayers may also block more light, but offer trade-offs such as enhanced comfort and energy savings.
2. Glass Thickness and Surface Treatments
Thicker laminated glass panels, especially those with multiple interlayers, reduce light transmission more than single-layer configurations. Similarly, low-E coatings, fritting, or etching further alter how much light passes through.
For optimal brightness, thinner glass layers and high-VLT interlayers are recommended.
3. Color Tints and Decorative Effects
Tinted laminated glass, such as bronze or grey tones, is used for both style and glare reduction, but they naturally reduce visible light. Decorative laminated glass with printed or embedded materials will also limit transmission based on design.
Still, these options are often favored for laminated glass in design where balancing aesthetics and light control is the goal.
Light Transmission by Glass Type (Typical Values)
| Glass Type | Visible Light Transmission (%) |
|---|---|
| Standard Float Glass (6mm) | 88–90% |
| Clear Laminated Glass (6.38mm) | 85–88% |
| Tinted Laminated Glass (Grey) | 40–60% |
| Decorative Laminated Glass | 10–70% |
| Low-E Laminated Glass | 60–75% |
As shown, laminated glass still transmits a high percentage of visible light, especially in clear configurations.
When to Prioritize High or Low Light Transmission
Use High-VLT Laminated Glass When:
- Maximizing daylight in homes and offices
- Creating an open, natural atmosphere
- Enhancing visibility for retail or display windows
- Reducing the need for artificial lighting
Use Low-VLT Laminated Glass When:
- Controlling glare or brightness in sunny locations
- Increasing privacy in sensitive areas
- Adding dramatic design elements with tint or texture
- Managing solar heat gain in energy-efficient buildings
Laminated Glass Applications Requiring Thoughtful Light Control
Skylights and Overhead Glazing
Use laminated glass to block UV while still allowing abundant daylight. High-VLT laminated panels with UV inhibitors are ideal.
Staircases and Balustrades
Transparency is key in these areas, where clear laminated glass offers light flow and visual openness. Learn more:
🔗 Laminated Glass for Staircases & Balustrades
Interior Partitions
Laminated glass partitions can offer privacy with frosted or gradient designs while still supporting open-plan layouts with adequate brightness.
Curtain Walls and Facades
Combine laminated panels with solar-control coatings or tinted interlayers to balance daylight, privacy, and thermal efficiency.
What Is the Price of Laminated Glass Based on Light Transmission?
The laminated glass price depends on:
- Thickness and number of layers
- Interlayer material and transparency
- Decorative or patterned finishes
- Low-E or other surface treatments
Estimated Prices:
| Type of Laminated Glass | Price Range per m² |
|---|---|
| Clear Laminated Glass (6.38mm) | $30–$50 |
| Tinted Laminated Glass | $50–$80 |
| Decorative Laminated Glass | $70–$120+ |
| Acoustic or Low-E Laminated Glass | $80–$150+ |
Custom glass will cost more, especially when combining safety performance with light-modifying treatments.
Laminated Glass Manufacturers and Options
Leading laminated glass manufacturers offer customization options based on:
- Specific VLT requirements
- Desired privacy levels
- Energy-saving goals
- Aesthetic finishes and colors
They can also provide testing data for compliance with building codes and green certifications.
Conclusion
Laminated glass offers a powerful combination of safety, durability, and visual clarity. While it slightly reduces light transmission compared to standard float glass, the difference is often negligible in clear applications—and the benefits are substantial.
From balustrades and skylights to office partitions and curtain walls, laminated glass supports natural light flow without sacrificing performance. Whether your project calls for maximum transparency or stylish tinting, you can tailor the interlayer and treatment options to match your lighting and design goals.
For areas like stairs and elevated walkways where light and visibility are essential, explore:
🔗 Laminated Glass for Staircases & Balustrades